CGI::HtmlExtension

Generate an Anchor element as a string.

href can either be a string, giving the URL for the HREF attribute, or it can be a hash of the element's attributes.

The body of the element is the string returned by the no-argument block passed in.

a("http://www.example.com") { "Example" }
  # => "<A HREF=\"http://www.example.com\">Example</A>"

a("HREF" => "http://www.example.com", "TARGET" => "_top") { "Example" }
  # => "<A HREF=\"http://www.example.com\" TARGET=\"_top\">Example</A>"

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 97
def a(href = "") # :yield:
  attributes = if href.kind_of?(String)
                 { "HREF" => href }
               else
                 href
               end
  super(attributes)
end
            

Generate a Document Base URI element as a String.

href can either by a string, giving the base URL for the HREF attribute, or it can be a has of the element's attributes.

The passed-in no-argument block is ignored.

base("http://www.example.com/cgi")
  # => "<BASE HREF=\"http://www.example.com/cgi\">"

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 115
def base(href = "") # :yield:
  attributes = if href.kind_of?(String)
                 { "HREF" => href }
               else
                 href
               end
  super(attributes)
end
            

Generate a BlockQuote element as a string.

cite can either be a string, give the URI for the source of the quoted text, or a hash, giving all attributes of the element, or it can be omitted, in which case the element has no attributes.

The body is provided by the passed-in no-argument block

blockquote("http://www.example.com/quotes/foo.html") { "Foo!" }
  #=> "<BLOCKQUOTE CITE=\"http://www.example.com/quotes/foo.html\">Foo!</BLOCKQUOTE>

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 134
def blockquote(cite = {})  # :yield:
  attributes = if cite.kind_of?(String)
                 { "CITE" => cite }
               else
                 cite
               end
  super(attributes)
end
            

Generate a Table Caption element as a string.

align can be a string, giving the alignment of the caption (one of top, bottom, left, or right). It can be a hash of all the attributes of the element. Or it can be omitted.

The body of the element is provided by the passed-in no-argument block.

caption("left") { "Capital Cities" }
  # => <CAPTION ALIGN=\"left\">Capital Cities</CAPTION>

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 154
def caption(align = {}) # :yield:
  attributes = if align.kind_of?(String)
                 { "ALIGN" => align }
               else
                 align
               end
  super(attributes)
end
            

Generate a Checkbox Input element as a string.

The attributes of the element can be specified as three arguments, name, value, and checked. checked is a boolean value; if true, the CHECKED attribute will be included in the element.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

checkbox("name")
  # = checkbox("NAME" => "name")

checkbox("name", "value")
  # = checkbox("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value")

checkbox("name", "value", true)
  # = checkbox("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value", "CHECKED" => true)

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 180
def checkbox(name = "", value = nil, checked = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "checkbox", "NAME" => name,
                   "VALUE" => value, "CHECKED" => checked }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "checkbox"
                 name
               end
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a sequence of checkbox elements, as a String.

The checkboxes will all have the same name attribute. Each checkbox is followed by a label. There will be one checkbox for each value. Each value can be specified as a String, which will be used both as the value of the VALUE attribute and as the label for that checkbox. A single-element array has the same effect.

Each value can also be specified as a three-element array. The first element is the VALUE attribute; the second is the label; and the third is a boolean specifying whether this checkbox is CHECKED.

Each value can also be specified as a two-element array, by omitting either the value element (defaults to the same as the label), or the boolean checked element (defaults to false).

checkbox_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

checkbox_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

checkbox_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz

checkbox_group("NAME" => "name",
                 "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"])

checkbox_group("NAME" => "name",
                 "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"])

checkbox_group("NAME" => "name",
                 "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 234
def checkbox_group(name = "", *values)
  if name.kind_of?(Hash)
    values = name["VALUES"]
    name = name["NAME"]
  end
  values.collect{|value|
    if value.kind_of?(String)
      checkbox(name, value) + value
    else
      if value[-1] == true || value[-1] == false
        checkbox(name, value[0],  value[-1]) +
        value[-2]
      else
        checkbox(name, value[0]) +
        value[-1]
      end
    end
  }.join
end
            

Generate an File Upload Input element as a string.

The attributes of the element can be specified as three arguments, name, size, and maxlength. maxlength is the maximum length of the file's name, not of the file's contents.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

See multipart_form() for forms that include file uploads.

file_field("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="20">

file_field("name", 40)
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

file_field("name", 40, 100)
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="40" MAXLENGTH="100">

file_field("NAME" => "name", "SIZE" => 40)
  # <INPUT TYPE="file" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 276
def file_field(name = "", size = 20, maxlength = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "file", "NAME" => name,
                   "SIZE" => size.to_s }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "file"
                 name
               end
  attributes["MAXLENGTH"] = maxlength.to_s if maxlength
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a Form element as a string.

method should be either “get” or “post”, and defaults to the latter. action defaults to the current CGI script name. enctype defaults to “application/x-www-form-urlencoded”.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

See also multipart_form() for forms that include file uploads.

form{ "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">string</FORM>

form("get") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="get" ENCTYPE="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">string</FORM>

form("get", "url") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="get" ACTION="url" ENCTYPE="application/x-www-form-urlencoded">string</FORM>

form("METHOD" => "post", "ENCTYPE" => "enctype") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="enctype">string</FORM>

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 310
def form(method = "post", action = script_name, enctype = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded")
  attributes = if method.kind_of?(String)
                 { "METHOD" => method, "ACTION" => action,
                   "ENCTYPE" => enctype }
               else
                 unless method.has_key?("METHOD")
                   method["METHOD"] = "post"
                 end
                 unless method.has_key?("ENCTYPE")
                   method["ENCTYPE"] = enctype
                 end
                 method
               end
  if block_given?
    body = yield
  else
    body = ""
  end
  if @output_hidden
    body << @output_hidden.collect{|k,v|
      "<INPUT TYPE=\"HIDDEN\" NAME=\"#{k}\" VALUE=\"#{v}\">"
    }.join
  end
  super(attributes){body}
end
            

Generate a Hidden Input element as a string.

The attributes of the element can be specified as two arguments, name and value.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

hidden("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="name">

hidden("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="name" VALUE="value">

hidden("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "reset", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="hidden" NAME="name" VALUE="value" ID="foo">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 351
def hidden(name = "", value = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "hidden", "NAME" => name, "VALUE" => value }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "hidden"
                 name
               end
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a top-level HTML element as a string.

The attributes of the element are specified as a hash. The pseudo-attribute “PRETTY” can be used to specify that the generated HTML string should be indented. “PRETTY” can also be specified as a string as the sole argument to this method. The pseudo-attribute “DOCTYPE”, if given, is used as the leading DOCTYPE SGML tag; it should include the entire text of this tag, including angle brackets.

The body of the html element is supplied as a block.

html{ "string" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML>string</HTML>

html("LANG" => "ja") { "string" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN"><HTML LANG="ja">string</HTML>

html("DOCTYPE" => false) { "string" }
  # <HTML>string</HTML>

html("DOCTYPE" => '<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN">') { "string" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN"><HTML>string</HTML>

html("PRETTY" => "  ") { "<BODY></BODY>" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
  # <HTML>
  #   <BODY>
  #   </BODY>
  # </HTML>

html("PRETTY" => "\t") { "<BODY></BODY>" }
  # <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//EN">
  # <HTML>
  #         <BODY>
  #         </BODY>
  # </HTML>

html("PRETTY") { "<BODY></BODY>" }
  # = html("PRETTY" => "  ") { "<BODY></BODY>" }

html(if $VERBOSE then "PRETTY" end) { "HTML string" }

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 403
def html(attributes = {}) # :yield:
  if nil == attributes
    attributes = {}
  elsif "PRETTY" == attributes
    attributes = { "PRETTY" => true }
  end
  pretty = attributes.delete("PRETTY")
  pretty = "  " if true == pretty
  buf = ""

  if attributes.has_key?("DOCTYPE")
    if attributes["DOCTYPE"]
      buf << attributes.delete("DOCTYPE")
    else
      attributes.delete("DOCTYPE")
    end
  else
    buf << doctype
  end

  buf << super(attributes)

  if pretty
    CGI::pretty(buf, pretty)
  else
    buf
  end

end
            

Generate an Image Button Input element as a string.

src is the URL of the image to use for the button. name is the input name. alt is the alternative text for the image.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

image_button("url")
  # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url">

image_button("url", "name", "string")
  # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url" NAME="name" ALT="string">

image_button("SRC" => "url", "ALT" => "string")
  # <INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="url" ALT="string">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 448
def image_button(src = "", name = nil, alt = nil)
  attributes = if src.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "image", "SRC" => src, "NAME" => name,
                   "ALT" => alt }
               else
                 src["TYPE"] = "image"
                 src["SRC"] ||= ""
                 src
               end
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate an Image element as a string.

src is the URL of the image. alt is the alternative text for the image. width is the width of the image, and height is its height.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

img("src", "alt", 100, 50)
  # <IMG SRC="src" ALT="alt" WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="50">

img("SRC" => "src", "ALT" => "alt", "WIDTH" => 100, "HEIGHT" => 50)
  # <IMG SRC="src" ALT="alt" WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="50">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 474
def img(src = "", alt = "", width = nil, height = nil)
  attributes = if src.kind_of?(String)
                 { "SRC" => src, "ALT" => alt }
               else
                 src
               end
  attributes["WIDTH"] = width.to_s if width
  attributes["HEIGHT"] = height.to_s if height
  super(attributes)
end
            

Generate a Form element with multipart encoding as a String.

Multipart encoding is used for forms that include file uploads.

action is the action to perform. enctype is the encoding type, which defaults to “multipart/form-data”.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

multipart_form{ "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">string</FORM>

multipart_form("url") { "string" }
  # <FORM METHOD="post" ACTION="url" ENCTYPE="multipart/form-data">string</FORM>

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 500
def multipart_form(action = nil, enctype = "multipart/form-data")
  attributes = if action == nil
                 { "METHOD" => "post", "ENCTYPE" => enctype }
               elsif action.kind_of?(String)
                 { "METHOD" => "post", "ACTION" => action,
                   "ENCTYPE" => enctype }
               else
                 unless action.has_key?("METHOD")
                   action["METHOD"] = "post"
                 end
                 unless action.has_key?("ENCTYPE")
                   action["ENCTYPE"] = enctype
                 end
                 action
               end
  if block_given?
    form(attributes){ yield }
  else
    form(attributes)
  end
end
            

Generate a Password Input element as a string.

name is the name of the input field. value is its default value. size is the size of the input field display. maxlength is the maximum length of the inputted password.

Alternatively, attributes can be specified as a hash.

password_field("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

password_field("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="40">

password_field("password", "value", 80, 200)
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80" MAXLENGTH="200">

password_field("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="password" NAME="name" VALUE="value">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 542
def password_field(name = "", value = nil, size = 40, maxlength = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "password", "NAME" => name,
                   "VALUE" => value, "SIZE" => size.to_s }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "password"
                 name
               end
  attributes["MAXLENGTH"] = maxlength.to_s if maxlength
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a Select element as a string.

name is the name of the element. The values are the options that can be selected from the Select menu. Each value can be a String or a one, two, or three-element Array. If a String or a one-element Array, this is both the value of that option and the text displayed for it. If a three-element Array, the elements are the option value, displayed text, and a boolean value specifying whether this option starts as selected. The two-element version omits either the option value (defaults to the same as the display text) or the boolean selected specifier (defaults to false).

The attributes and options can also be specified as a hash. In this case, options are specified as an array of values as described above, with the hash key of “VALUES”.

popup_menu("name", "foo", "bar", "baz")
  # <SELECT NAME="name">
  #   <OPTION VALUE="foo">foo</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION VALUE="bar">bar</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION VALUE="baz">baz</OPTION>
  # </SELECT>

popup_menu("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz")
  # <SELECT NAME="name">
  #   <OPTION VALUE="foo">foo</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION VALUE="bar" SELECTED>bar</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION VALUE="baz">baz</OPTION>
  # </SELECT>

popup_menu("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz")
  # <SELECT NAME="name">
  #   <OPTION VALUE="1">Foo</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION SELECTED VALUE="2">Bar</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION VALUE="Baz">Baz</OPTION>
  # </SELECT>

popup_menu("NAME" => "name", "SIZE" => 2, "MULTIPLE" => true,
            "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])
  # <SELECT NAME="name" MULTIPLE SIZE="2">
  #   <OPTION VALUE="1">Foo</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION SELECTED VALUE="2">Bar</OPTION>
  #   <OPTION VALUE="Baz">Baz</OPTION>
  # </SELECT>

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 597
def popup_menu(name = "", *values)

  if name.kind_of?(Hash)
    values   = name["VALUES"]
    size     = name["SIZE"].to_s if name["SIZE"]
    multiple = name["MULTIPLE"]
    name     = name["NAME"]
  else
    size = nil
    multiple = nil
  end

  select({ "NAME" => name, "SIZE" => size,
           "MULTIPLE" => multiple }){
    values.collect{|value|
      if value.kind_of?(String)
        option({ "VALUE" => value }){ value }
      else
        if value[value.size - 1] == true
          option({ "VALUE" => value[0], "SELECTED" => true }){
            value[value.size - 2]
          }
        else
          option({ "VALUE" => value[0] }){
            value[value.size - 1]
          }
        end
      end
    }.join
  }

end
            

Generates a radio-button Input element.

name is the name of the input field. value is the value of the field if checked. checked specifies whether the field starts off checked.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

radio_button("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value">

radio_button("name", "value", true)
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value" CHECKED>

radio_button("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="value" ID="foo">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 646
def radio_button(name = "", value = nil, checked = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "radio", "NAME" => name,
                   "VALUE" => value, "CHECKED" => checked }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "radio"
                 name
               end
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a sequence of radio button Input elements, as a String.

This works the same as checkbox_group(). However, it is not valid to have more than one radiobutton in a group checked.

radio_group("name", "foo", "bar", "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

radio_group("name", ["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="foo">foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="bar">bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="baz">baz

radio_group("name", ["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz")
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="1">Foo
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" CHECKED NAME="name" VALUE="2">Bar
  # <INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="name" VALUE="Baz">Baz

radio_group("NAME" => "name",
              "VALUES" => ["foo", "bar", "baz"])

radio_group("NAME" => "name",
              "VALUES" => [["foo"], ["bar", true], "baz"])

radio_group("NAME" => "name",
              "VALUES" => [["1", "Foo"], ["2", "Bar", true], "Baz"])

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 685
def radio_group(name = "", *values)
  if name.kind_of?(Hash)
    values = name["VALUES"]
    name = name["NAME"]
  end
  values.collect{|value|
    if value.kind_of?(String)
      radio_button(name, value) + value
    else
      if value[-1] == true || value[-1] == false
        radio_button(name, value[0],  value[-1]) +
        value[-2]
      else
        radio_button(name, value[0]) +
        value[-1]
      end
    end
  }.join
end
            

Generate a reset button Input element, as a String.

This resets the values on a form to their initial values. value is the text displayed on the button. name is the name of this button.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

reset
  # <INPUT TYPE="reset">

reset("reset")
  # <INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="reset">

reset("VALUE" => "reset", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="reset" ID="foo">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 720
def reset(value = nil, name = nil)
  attributes = if (not value) or value.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "reset", "VALUE" => value, "NAME" => name }
               else
                 value["TYPE"] = "reset"
                 value
               end
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a submit button Input element, as a String.

value is the text to display on the button. name is the name of the input.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

submit
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit">

submit("ok")
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="ok">

submit("ok", "button1")
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="ok" NAME="button1">

submit("VALUE" => "ok", "NAME" => "button1", "ID" => "foo")
  # <INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="ok" NAME="button1" ID="foo">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 750
def submit(value = nil, name = nil)
  attributes = if (not value) or value.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "submit", "VALUE" => value, "NAME" => name }
               else
                 value["TYPE"] = "submit"
                 value
               end
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a text field Input element, as a String.

name is the name of the input field. value is its initial value. size is the size of the input area. maxlength is the maximum length of input accepted.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

text_field("name")
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" SIZE="40">

text_field("name", "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="40">

text_field("name", "value", 80)
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80">

text_field("name", "value", 80, 200)
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value" SIZE="80" MAXLENGTH="200">

text_field("NAME" => "name", "VALUE" => "value")
  # <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="name" VALUE="value">

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 782
def text_field(name = "", value = nil, size = 40, maxlength = nil)
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "TYPE" => "text", "NAME" => name, "VALUE" => value,
                   "SIZE" => size.to_s }
               else
                 name["TYPE"] = "text"
                 name
               end
  attributes["MAXLENGTH"] = maxlength.to_s if maxlength
  input(attributes)
end
            

Generate a TextArea element, as a String.

name is the name of the textarea. cols is the number of columns and rows is the number of rows in the display.

Alternatively, the attributes can be specified as a hash.

The body is provided by the passed-in no-argument block

textarea("name")
   # = textarea("NAME" => "name", "COLS" => 70, "ROWS" => 10)

textarea("name", 40, 5)
   # = textarea("NAME" => "name", "COLS" => 40, "ROWS" => 5)

 
               # File cgi/html.rb, line 808
def textarea(name = "", cols = 70, rows = 10)  # :yield:
  attributes = if name.kind_of?(String)
                 { "NAME" => name, "COLS" => cols.to_s,
                   "ROWS" => rows.to_s }
               else
                 name
               end
  super(attributes)
end